Plants and dogs: an underestimated danger
Many common plants, both indoor and outdoor, can be toxic to dogs. Our four-legged friends are curious and often chew on leaves, flowers or berries without knowing they can be dangerous.
Knowing toxic plants is essential to prevent accidents. Some cause only mild irritation, others can be lethal even in small quantities.
The most dangerous plants
Here are the most common plants that can pose a danger to your dog:
Oleander
Extremely toxic. All parts of the plant can cause fatal cardiac arrhythmias.
Azalea and Rhododendron
Contain grayanotoxins that cause vomiting, diarrhea and heart problems.
Hydrangea
Leaves and flowers contain cyanide that can cause vomiting and lethargy.
Lily
Very toxic, especially for cats but dangerous for dogs too.
Ivy
Leaves and berries cause vomiting, diarrhea, excessive salivation and abdominal pain.
Poinsettia
Causes oral irritation, vomiting and diarrhea. Less toxic than believed but to be avoided.
Aloe Vera
The inner latex can cause vomiting, diarrhea and tremors.
Cyclamen
The tubers are very toxic and can cause severe vomiting, arrhythmias and seizures.
Plant poisoning symptoms
Symptoms vary based on the plant ingested, but the most common are:
Vomiting
Excessive salivation
Diarrhea
Cardiac arrhythmias
Breathing difficulties
Oral irritation
What to do in case of ingestion
Identify the plant
Try to figure out which plant the dog ingested and, if possible, collect a sample to bring to the vet.
Remove the dog from the plant
Prevent the dog from ingesting more parts of the plant and rinse its mouth with water if possible.
Call the vet
Immediately contact the vet describing the plant ingested, estimated quantity and observed symptoms.
Go to the clinic
Take the dog to the vet as soon as possible, even if symptoms haven't appeared yet. Some toxins act slowly.
How to prevent poisoning
Learn about the plants you have at home and in your garden and remove the toxic ones.
Place houseplants out of your dog's reach.
Supervise your dog during walks, especially in parks and gardens.
Teach your dog the 'Leave it' command to prevent chewing on unknown plants.
Create a safe area in your garden where your dog can play without danger.
When in doubt about a plant, consider it potentially toxic.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are all parts of the plant toxic?
It depends on the plant. In some only the berries or seeds are toxic, in others (like oleander) all parts are dangerous. When in doubt, keep your dog away from the entire plant.
My dog bit a leaf but didn't swallow it. Should I worry?
If they only chewed without ingesting, the risk is lower but they may still have oral irritation. Watch the dog for 24 hours and contact the vet if you notice symptoms.
Which plants are safe for dogs?
Some safe plants include: catnip, bamboo, ferns (not all), petunias and sunflowers. Always check before introducing a new plant.
Do symptoms appear immediately after ingestion?
Times vary greatly: some symptoms appear in minutes, others may manifest after hours or days. Don't wait for symptoms if you know the dog ingested a toxic plant.
Can I induce vomiting in my dog?
Don't do it without vet guidance. Some plants cause more damage if regurgitated. Call the vet first.