What is heat stroke?
Heat stroke (hyperthermia) occurs when a dog's body temperature exceeds 40-41°C (104-106°F). Unlike humans, dogs don't sweat effectively and cool down mainly by panting.
When it's very hot or the dog can't dissipate heat, body temperature can rise rapidly causing organ damage and, in severe cases, death.
Temperature and risk
< 25°C
Safe for walks
25-30°C
Caution: limit activity
> 30°C
Danger: avoid walks
Dogs at higher risk
Some dogs are more vulnerable to heat stroke:
Brachycephalic breeds
Bulldogs, Pugs, Boxers: short airways make cooling difficult.
Senior dogs
The thermoregulation system becomes less efficient with age.
Overweight dogs
Fat insulates the body and makes it harder to dissipate heat.
Dark or thick coat
Absorbs more solar heat and retains body heat.
Heart or respiratory conditions
These conditions compromise the ability to cool down.
Intense exercise
Intense physical activity on hot days drastically increases risk.
Heat stroke symptoms
Recognize these signs to intervene promptly:
Temperature > 40°C (104°F)
Intense heavy panting
Excessive drooling
Dark red gums
Disorientation
Vomiting or diarrhea
Rapid heartbeat
Collapse or loss of consciousness
What to do in case of heat stroke
Move the dog to shade
Immediately take the dog to a cool, shaded place, preferably with air conditioning.
Start cooling
Wet the dog with COOL (not icy) water on neck, armpits, groin and paws. Water that's too cold causes vasoconstriction.
Use ventilation
If available, use a fan while wetting the dog. Evaporation accelerates cooling.
Offer drinking water
Let the dog drink small amounts of cool water. Don't force them if they don't want to drink.
Monitor temperature
If you have a thermometer, check rectal temperature. Stop actively cooling when it drops below 39°C (102°F).
Go to the vet
Even if they seem to recover, take the dog to the vet. Internal damage may not be visible.
How to prevent heat stroke
Avoid walks during the hottest hours (11am-4pm). Prefer early morning or evening.
Always bring fresh water during outings.
NEVER leave the dog in a car, not even for a few minutes (see below).
Always provide shade and fresh water at home and in the garden.
Avoid intense exercise on hot days.
Consider a cooling mat for the dog bed.
Wet the dog with cool water before summer walks.
Watch out for hot pavement: it can burn paw pads.
Never leave your dog in the car!
A car's interior can reach deadly temperatures in minutes, even with windows cracked. At 25°C (77°F) outside, the cabin can exceed 40°C (104°F) in 10 minutes.
⚠️ DOGS DIE EVERY YEAR LEFT IN CARS. NEVER leave your dog in the car, not even "just for a minute".
Frequently Asked Questions
How quickly can heat stroke develop?
Very quickly: in extreme heat conditions, a dog can develop severe hyperthermia in 10-15 minutes, especially during exercise.
Can I use ice to cool the dog?
No, ice or icy water causes vasoconstriction, slowing cooling. Always use cool water, never cold.
My dog loves running even when it's hot. Should I stop them?
Yes! Dogs often don't recognize their own limits. It's up to you to limit activity on hot days.
How do I know if the pavement is too hot?
5-second rule: place the back of your hand on the pavement. If you can't hold it there for 5 seconds, it's too hot for your dog's paws.
Does shaving the coat help against heat?
It depends on the breed. In many cases the coat protects from the sun. Consult your vet before shaving. Never shave too short.